Country
UkraineУкраїна
No trip line is published for Ukraine. Read your own government travel advice first; this desk does not plan around it.
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Key facts
- Best months
- May–Jun, Sep
- Currency
- Hryvnia (UAH)
- Language
- Ukrainian (official)
- Time zone
- UTC+2, UTC+3 in summer
Rules in force · 5Non-EU visitors get 90 days in any rolling 180-day window…Reach this subregion only from the EU side — Romania for …
- Europe ↗Non-EU visitors get 90 days in any rolling 180-day window, counted across all 29 Schengen states together — not per country; the Entry/Exit System now logs each crossing, so an overstay is detected automatically.
- Europe ↗On the first Schengen entry since EES began, non-EU travellers give four fingerprints and a face photo at the border instead of a passport stamp; there is nothing to apply for or pay in advance.
- Eastern Europe ↗Reach this subregion only from the EU side — Romania for Moldova — through crossings run by recognised authorities; no route through Ukraine, Belarus or Russia is planned here.
- Eastern Europe ↗Re-read your government's advice for Moldova (it covers Transnistria) in the week you travel; the situation next door changes fast.
- Eastern Europe ↗Carry euros in cash for Transnistria and village Moldova; cards stop working at the Dniester.
Entry rules depend on your passport. Full visa guide
Understand in one strip
- Capital
- Kyiv
- Population
- Around 31–35 million under government control (estimates vary widely — check)
- Language
- Ukrainian (official); Russian widely understood; English growing among the young
- Currency
- Hryvnia (UAH)
- Government
- Semi-presidential republic; President Volodymyr Zelenskyy; elections suspended under martial law
- Time zone
- UTC+2, UTC+3 in summer
- EU status
- EU candidate since 2022; accession talks opened 2024
- Emergency
- 112 (also 101 fire, 102 police, 103 ambulance)
Ukraine is at war. Russian missiles and drones can reach any part of the country, including Kyiv, Lviv and Odesa; airspace is closed and martial law applies. The UK advises against all travel to most of the country and against all but essential travel to the five far-western regions; the US, Canada and Australia say do not travel. People still cross by train from Poland for work, family and aid, but Voykit does not publish a trip line, itineraries or door-to-door timings here. This page states what is known, what to check and what would reopen it.
About Ukraine
The largest country entirely in Europe, stretching from the Carpathians to the Donbas and the Black Sea. Kyiv was the centre of medieval Kyivan Rus'. Ukrainian lands were divided among Poland-Lithuania, the Habsburgs, the Ottomans and Russia; Ukraine lost millions in the famine of 1932–33 (the Holodomor) and in the Second World War. Independent since 1991, it turned west after the Orange Revolution (2004) and the Maidan protests (2013–14). Russia annexed Crimea and backed war in the Donbas in 2014, then launched a full-scale invasion in February 2022.
Official advice
No trip line
Ukraine is at war. The UK advises against all travel to most of Ukraine, including Kyiv and the east and south, and against all but essential travel to Zakarpattia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ternopil, Chernivtsi and Lviv; the US, Canada and Australia advise against all travel (check).
Missile and drone attacks across the whole country, active fighting in the east and south, landmines and unexploded ordnance, attacks on energy infrastructure causing power cuts, curfews under martial law, closed airspace, and no evacuation support are the risks in advice.
| Government | Level | What it says | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States (State Department) | Level 4 — Do not travel | Active armed conflict; the embassy cannot provide emergency evacuation. | Open ↗ |
| United Kingdom (FCDO) | Against all travel (most regions); all but essential (five western regions) | Updated 15 September 2026: against all travel to Crimea, areas within 50 km (31 mi) of Belarus and all regions except Zakarpattia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ternopil, Chernivtsi and Lviv (check).Updated 15 September 2026: against all travel to Crimea, areas within 31 mi (50 km) of Belarus and all regions except Zakarpattia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ternopil, Chernivtsi and Lviv (check). | Open ↗ |
| Canada | Avoid all travel | Russia's ongoing military invasion. | Open ↗ |
| Australia (Smartraveller) | Do not travel | Highest level for the whole country. | Open ↗ |
Levels as stated on each government's page in September 2026 — open the page itself before deciding; wording and level change without notice (check).
Check first
- Your own government's official travel advice for your passport, before booking anything.
- The entry and visa authority of the country, and your rail or bus operator's rules for the route.
- Travel insurance terms: standard policies exclude war zones; specialist war-risk cover exists but is expensive.
- If you hold Ukrainian citizenship: exit rules for men under martial law.
Voykit reopens this page only when official advisories ease and entry is open to independent travellers, and then only with verified data.
Entry situation
Ukrainian airspace is closed to commercial flights; entry is by land or rail from Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania or Moldova. No tourist route is documented here.
- Airspace closed to civil aviation since 24 February 2022; people fly to Rzeszów, Kraków or Warsaw (Poland), Chișinău or Suceava and cross by land.
- Ukrzaliznytsia trains run from Przemyśl and Chełm (Poland) to Kyiv, Lviv and Odesa; buses and cars use crossings such as Medyka–Shehyni, Dorohusk–Yahodyn and Hrebenne–Rava-Ruska. Queues can be many hours.
- EU, UK, US, Canadian, Australian and many other passports are visa-free for 90 days in 180 (check); others need an e-visa or embassy visa.
- No land entry via Belarus or Russia; the Moldova–Transnistria sector of the border is closed on the Ukrainian side.
- Martial law: curfews by region (Kyiv typically 00:00–05:00 — check), checkpoints, and document checks.Martial law: curfews by region (Kyiv typically 12:00 AM–5:00 AM — check), checkpoints, and document checks.
- Ukrainian men aged roughly 23–60 (check current age range) generally cannot leave the country under martial law; dual nationals are treated as Ukrainian.
If you are already there
- 1Read your government's current advice today and follow it; if it says leave, use rail or road routes west while they run.
- 2Install an air-raid alert app (such as 'Air Alert' / Povitryana Tryvoha) and know the nearest shelter or metro station from where you sleep.
- 3Follow sirens every time; many deaths are from debris of intercepted missiles and drones.
- 4Respect curfew hours and checkpoints; carry your passport at all times.
- 5Do not photograph or post about air-defence positions, strikes or military sites — it can expose people to attack and is illegal.
- 6Stay away from front-line regions, the Belarus border strip and any area not cleared of mines; do not pick up objects in fields or forests.
- 7Keep a power bank, water, torch and cash: strikes on the grid cause blackouts.
- 8Register with your embassy's notification service and share plans with someone outside Ukraine.
Insurance & payments
- Currency is the hryvnia (UAH). Visa and Mastercard work widely, including contactless; ATMs work except during blackouts.
- Carry some cash in UAH and euros for outages.
- Travel insurance: standard policies exclude war zones; specialist war-risk insurers exist — read what they cover (medical evacuation is limited).
Consular access
- Most Western embassies have returned to Kyiv but work under security restrictions and may close during attacks.
- Governments state they cannot evacuate you; you must be able to leave on your own.
- Consular access in occupied territories (Crimea, parts of Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia and Kherson regions) is impossible.
Decide the trip
What the country is like, who it suits and how long to give it
Open Decide the tripClose Decide the trip2 partsUnderstand in one strip · Understand
Understand in one stripCapital · Population · Language · Currency · Government · Time zone · EU status · Emergency
- Capital
- Kyiv
- Population
- Around 31–35 million under government control (estimates vary widely — check)
- Language
- Ukrainian (official); Russian widely understood; English growing among the young
- Currency
- Hryvnia (UAH)
- Government
- Semi-presidential republic; President Volodymyr Zelenskyy; elections suspended under martial law
- Time zone
- UTC+2, UTC+3 in summer
- EU status
- EU candidate since 2022; accession talks opened 2024
- Emergency
- 112 (also 101 fire, 102 police, 103 ambulance)
Understand
The largest country entirely in Europe, stretching from the Carpathians to the Donbas and the Black Sea. Kyiv was the centre of medieval Kyivan Rus'. Ukrainian lands were divided among Poland-Lithuania, the Habsburgs, the Ottomans and Russia; Ukraine lost millions in the famine of 1932–33 (the Holodomor) and in the Second World War. Independent since 1991, it turned west after the Orange Revolution (2004) and the Maidan protests (2013–14). Russia annexed Crimea and backed war in the Donbas in 2014, then launched a full-scale invasion in February 2022.
- People
- Ukrainian majority; Russian, Crimean Tatar, Hungarian, Romanian, Polish and other minorities; millions displaced abroad and internally.
- Belief
- Orthodox majority (split between the Orthodox Church of Ukraine and the Moscow-linked church); Greek Catholics in the west.
- Occupation
- About a fifth of the territory is occupied by Russia (check).
- Economy
- Grain, steel, IT and defence production; heavy war damage to energy infrastructure.
- Heritage
- Seven UNESCO sites, including Kyiv's St Sophia Cathedral and Lviv's historic centre; Odesa's centre listed in 2023 as in danger.
History that still shows on the ground · 9 dates
| When | What happened | Where you meet it today |
|---|---|---|
| 988 | Christianisation of Kyivan Rus' | St Sophia and the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra. |
| 1240 | Mongol sack of Kyiv | Power shifts to Galicia-Volhynia and later Lithuania. |
| 16th–18th c. | Cossack Hetmanate | Zaporizhzhian Cossacks shape national identity. |
| 1932–1933 | Holodomor famine | Millions die under Stalin's grain policy. |
| 1941–1944 | Nazi occupation | Babyn Yar massacre in Kyiv. |
| 1986 | Chernobyl disaster | Exclusion zone north of Kyiv. |
| 1991 | Independence | 24 August is Independence Day. |
| 2014 | Maidan; annexation of Crimea; war in the Donbas | The war begins. |
| 2022– | Full-scale Russian invasion | Kyiv held; occupied areas in the east and south; attacks across the country. |
Read or watch before you go
- Serhii Plokhy — The Gates of Europe.
- Andrey Kurkov — Grey Bees and Diary of an Invasion.
- Victoria Amelina — Looking at Women Looking at War.
Cities
Regions, cities and the places between them
Open CitiesClose Cities1 partCapital and major cities
Capital and major cities
Spend a half‑day in Alchevsk to see Lenin Prospect and the historic museums; skip longer stays unless you have industrial‑tour interests.
Skip visiting Bakhmut in 2026: extensive war damage and safety risks; only pass through if required for transport.
Spend 1–2 days in Berdyansk: a day for the beach and spa, a second for museums and nearby forts if you have extra time.
Spend a half‑day seeing the Reformed church, town centre and historic buildings; stay only if you want a night before heading to Mukachevo or Uzhhorod.
Half a day for the fortress, then back to Odesa. Not a base: one night only if you want a slow dinner by the estuary.
Skip Busha unless you have a car and a specific interest in Trypillian archaeology or 17th-century Cossack history: a half-day stop, not a destination.
Give Cherkasy one full day for the Hill of Glory, the museums and the Dnipro embankment; add a second only for Kaniv or Chyhyryn.
Spend one day in Chernihiv for the historic churches and museums; stay overnight only if you want a relaxed pace.
Give Chernivtsi 1–2 nights: the compact old town and the UNESCO university are a half-day, and it works as a stop between Lviv and Kamianets-Podilskyi.
Skip for now: guided visits to the Exclusion Zone are suspended and no trip line is published for Ukraine. Read your government's travel advice first.
Skip Dnipro unless you have a reason to be there: no flights, no published trip line for Ukraine, and your own government's travel advice decides first.
Skip Donetsk: no trip line is published for Ukraine. Read your own government's travel advice first — this desk does not plan around it.
One night for beach and museum, or a half‑day stop if just passing through.
Give it one full day for the old centre, then use it as the gateway to the Carpathians: 2 nights, or 1 if you are only passing to Yaremche.
Spend one day in Izmail to see the fortress site, Suvorov Museum and the Intercession Cathedral; arrive early and leave by evening.
Spend one full day exploring the fortress and nearby historic sites; add a night if you prefer a relaxed pace.
Spend 1–2 days in Kherson to see the river delta, St. Catherine's Cathedral and the Stanislav cliffs; longer stays not needed for a half‑day visit.
Spend a half‑day to a full day exploring the historic centre on foot; stay one night if you need a base for nearby castles.
Spend a half‑day in Khust: explore the ruined castle hill and Elizabeth's Church, then walk the town centre; add a night if you want a relaxed pace.
Half a day for the Pysanka Museum and a walk through the centre; one night if you use it as a base for the Carpathians.
Skip Krasnodon for tourism: it is a coal-mining town with no tourist infrastructure and is located in territory not under Ukrainian government control. The only reason to go is family or specific historical research.
Go for one night as a Central Ukraine rail or road stop, not as a destination: the fortress earthworks and the old centre fill a half-day.
Spend 1–2 days in Kryvyi Rih to see its parks, botanical garden and sample local food; longer only for day‑trips.
Skip unless essential; if you go, treat air-raid alerts and curfew as fixed constraints.
Liuboml is a half-day stop for history and architecture, not a base. One night if you want to see both churches and the synagogue site.
Half a day is enough for Lubny's sights: the monastery, the museum and a walk through the old town. Use it as a stop between Kyiv and Poltava, not a base.
Skip Luhansk: no published trip line exists for Ukraine, and this city sits inside an active war zone. Read your own government's travel advice first.
Give Lutsk one full day for Lubart's Castle and the old town, two if you use it as a Volyn base. Skip it only if you are already short on time in Lviv.
Give Lviv 2–3 nights on foot in the Old Town; go May–Sep or late Dec for the market, and read your government's Ukraine advice before booking.
Skip Makiivka for now: active conflict zone near the front line. No tourism infrastructure is operational. Check your government travel advisory before any planning.
Skip. Mariupol is under Russian occupation and was heavily destroyed in 2022; there is no tourist trip to plan here in 2026.
Spend a half‑day to one day in Melitopol as a coastal base; see the historic centre, local museum and Stone Grave.
Spend a half‑day in Mukachevo to see Palanok Castle and the city centre; add a night if you want a relaxed dinner and easy next‑day travel.
Spend a half‑day to see the main sights; add a night if you want to explore the waterfront and local eateries.
Half a day to one night is enough: see the 19th-century churches, the museum and the Davyd Guramishvili museum, then move on to Poltava or Kyiv.
Ochakiv is a quiet Black Sea beach town worth a day or two if you want cheap sun and seafood, but skip it if you need nightlife or sights.
Plan 2 nights for the old town grid and one beach afternoon; check your government's travel advice before booking anything.
Spend a half‑day in Pavlohrad to see the main cathedral and museum; add a night only if you need a base for nearby Dnipro trips.
Spend a half‑day (≈4 h) in Perechyn to see the Cultural Museum, browse the bazaar and have a quick meal; no overnight stay needed.
Give Poltava one full day for the battle field and the round Korpusny garden, then move on: it is a stop on the Kyiv–Kharkiv line, not a base.
Spend 1–2 days in Rakhiv for hiking and Hutsul culture; a day works if you catch an early bus to Hoverla, two days if you want a summit night.
Give Rivne one full day for the centre and the Tunnel of Love, or use it as a rail stop between Lviv and Kyiv; two nights is enough.
Skip unless you have a car and a full day for a quiet village walk, sandstone caves, and embroidery museums. Not worth a dedicated trip from Vinnytsia.
Spend 1–2 days in Sumy to see the historic centre, museums and parks; use buses or taxis to move quickly.
Skip Teplodar unless you have a specific reason; a few hours to see the motocross track, then continue to Odesa.
Spend a half‑day exploring Terebovlia’s historic centre; add a morning bus to Ternopil if you have extra time.
Spend a half‑day to a full day in Ternopil: walk the historic centre, visit a church or museum, then catch a train onward.
A 2–3 day stop for spa and mineral-water therapy, not a sightseeing base. Half a day is enough to walk the resort park and try the pump room.
Give Uman one full day: Sofiyivka Park needs 3–4 hours, the centre 2. Sleep one night if you arrive by bus from Kyiv.
Allow one full day for the castle, open-air museum and old centre; stay two nights if using Uzhhorod as a base for Zakarpattia.
Give Vinnytsia one full day plus a night: the centre is walkable, the tram museum and Pirogov estate need booked slots, and there is no civil airport.
Half a day to one day: canoe the Danube delta channels, then leave. Not a base.
Spend a half‑day to one full day in Yaremche; arrive early, see the main sights, then head back or continue to Ivano‑Frankivsk.
Check your own government's travel advice for Ukraine first; if it allows the trip, plan 1–2 days for Khortytsia Island, the Dniproges Dam and the Technics Museum.
Half a day from Lviv: see the Renaissance square and castle, then return. Not worth an overnight unless you have a car and want a quiet base.
Give Zhytomyr one full day from Kyiv (2 h by car, about 2 h 30 min by bus) or one night: the centre is walkable in half a day and the rest is museums.
Cost
What a day costs, and how to pay
Open CostClose Cost2 partsMoney at a glance · Money & passes
Money at a glance
Currency and cash
Hryvnia (UAH)
Card-friendly; small cash for markets
Cash or card
Also
Money & passesCard, cash or ATM: the cheapest way to payTipping calculator
Money & passes
Cash necessity: 2/5 (5 means cash for most things)
- Cards work widely; carry cash for blackouts: see Insurance & payments above.
- Bank rules under martial law change; confirm with your bank.
Before you fly: eSIM before you fly · Visas and entry
Practical
Money rules, safety, holidays, health, phones and phrases
Open PracticalClose Practical3 partsSafety & health · Safety · Safety by region
Safety and health at a glance
Government travel advice
- United States (State Department): Level 4 — Do not travelOpen ↗
- United Kingdom (FCDO): Against all travel (most regions); all but essential (five western regions)Open ↗
- Canada: Avoid all travelOpen ↗
- Australia (Smartraveller): Do not travelOpen ↗
Levels as stated on each government's page in September 2026 — open the page itself before deciding; wording and level change without notice (check).
Where to take care
- high East and south (Kharkiv, Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, Kherson, Dnipro, Sumy, Mykolaiv) · Front lines, shelling, glide bombs and drones; occupied areas; mines.
- high Kyiv and centre · Regular mass missile and drone attacks; curfews; power cuts.
- high Odesa and the coast · Missile and drone strikes on the port and city.
- high North, within 50 km of Belarus · Border strip, military activity, mined areas.
Safety
- Risk: Missile and drone attacks across the whole country, active fighting in the east and south, landmines, curfews and closed airspace are the risks in advice.
- Register with your own government's travel notification service where one exists.
- Emergency: 112 works, but response can be delayed during attacks; know your nearest shelter.
Not published. See the Eastern Europe page for Moldova, the published trip line in this subregion.
What four governments say
Comparison not available yet for this country
Strikes and disruptions
Official notices for the next 90 days. Open the full calendar.
No official-source strike or disruption notices for the next 90 days
Safety by region
Every government checked advises against travel to at least most of Ukraine. Attacks can reach any region.
| Region | Risk | What to watch |
|---|---|---|
| East and south (Kharkiv, Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, Kherson, Dnipro, Sumy, Mykolaiv) | high | Front lines, shelling, glide bombs and drones; occupied areas; mines. |
| Kyiv and centre | high | Regular mass missile and drone attacks; curfews; power cuts. |
| Odesa and the coast | high | Missile and drone strikes on the port and city. |
| North, within 50 km of Belarus | high | Border strip, military activity, mined areas. |
| Far west (Lviv, Zakarpattia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ternopil, Chernivtsi) | high | Fewer attacks but not safe: strikes have hit Lviv; UK advice is all but essential travel. |
| Crimea | high | Occupied by Russia; entry via Russia is illegal under Ukrainian law. |
Culture and food
Rules, manners, what to eat, where to sleep and what to buy
Open Culture and foodClose Culture and food1 partRules
Country rules
- Check your own government travel advice for Ukraine before any booking; advice depends on your passport and changes without notice.
- Airspace is closed; entry is by rail or road from Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania or Moldova, with long queues at busy crossings.
- Confirm that your travel insurance and medical evacuation cover apply to Ukraine before you rely on it.
- Why no trip line is published
- Ukraine is at war; missile and drone attacks can reach any part of the country, and airspace is closed.
- What to check
- Your own government's travel advice, the crossing and train on the day, and your insurer.
- What would reopen it
- Advisories easing, entry open to independent travellers, and verified data.
Deep dive
Questions, where next, photos, reading and every source
Open Deep diveClose Deep dive2 partsDeep dive · Sources
Deep dive
This deep dive is background reading, not a travel plan: Voykit publishes no trip line for Ukraine while the country is at war. It traces Ukraine from Kyivan Rus' and the Cossacks through empires, famine and the Second World War to independence, the revolutions of 2004 and 2014, and the full-scale Russian invasion of 2022 — and explains the regional differences that visitors used to meet between Lviv, Kyiv and Odesa.
1From Kyivan Rus' to the Cossacks1 min
Kyiv was the centre of Kyivan Rus', a federation of East Slavic principalities ruled by the Rurikid dynasty. Grand Prince Volodymyr accepted Byzantine Christianity in 988, and his son Yaroslav the Wise built St Sophia's Cathedral. Ukraine, Belarus and Russia all claim this heritage, a dispute that is anything but academic today.
The Mongols sacked Kyiv in 1240. Over the next centuries most Ukrainian lands passed to Lithuania and then Poland, while the Crimean Khanate, an Ottoman vassal, held the south. On the open steppe the Zaporizhzhian Cossacks — free warrior communities on the Dnipro — became a military power. Their 1648 uprising under Bohdan Khmelnytsky created a Cossack state, which in 1654 sought protection from Muscovy.
Russia gradually absorbed the Hetmanate and, after defeating the Ottomans, conquered the south and Crimea in the late 18th century, founding Odesa in 1794. The west (Galicia, with Lviv) went to the Habsburgs in the partitions of Poland, which is why Lviv's architecture and church traditions differ from Kyiv's.
- Christianisation
- 988
- St Sophia Cathedral
- 11th century (UNESCO)
- Khmelnytsky uprising
- 1648
- Odesa founded
- 1794
2Empires, famine and war1 min
In the Russian Empire, Ukrainian was restricted by decrees in 1863 and 1876, while the Habsburg west allowed Ukrainian schools and a Greek Catholic church to thrive. Taras Shevchenko, a former serf, became the national poet. After 1917 a Ukrainian People's Republic fought for independence but lost to the Bolsheviks and Poland.
In the Soviet Union, a brief promotion of Ukrainian culture in the 1920s gave way to Stalin's collectivisation. The famine of 1932–33, known as the Holodomor, killed millions of Ukrainians as grain was seized and villages sealed; Ukraine and many states recognise it as genocide. Purges destroyed much of the intelligentsia.
The Second World War devastated Ukraine: millions died, the Holocaust by bullets killed most of its Jews (33,771 at Babyn Yar in Kyiv in two days of September 1941), and nationalist partisans fought both Germans and Soviets. Stalin deported the entire Crimean Tatar people in 1944. In 1954 Crimea was transferred from the Russian to the Ukrainian SSR.
- Holodomor
- 1932–33; estimates of Ukrainian deaths about 3.5–5 million
- Babyn Yar
- 29–30 September 1941
- Crimean Tatar deportation
- May 1944
- Chernobyl
- 26 April 1986
3Independence and two revolutions1 min
On 24 August 1991 Ukraine declared independence, confirmed in December by over 90% of voters. It gave up the Soviet nuclear weapons on its soil under the 1994 Budapest Memorandum, in exchange for security assurances from Russia, the US and the UK.
Politics swung between Western- and Russian-leaning leaders. The Orange Revolution of 2004 overturned a rigged election. In late 2013 President Yanukovych dropped an EU association agreement; months of protest on Kyiv's Maidan ended in February 2014 with more than a hundred protesters killed and Yanukovych fleeing to Russia.
Russia then seized and annexed Crimea and backed armed separatists in Donetsk and Luhansk. The war in the Donbas killed about 14,000 people by 2021, including the 298 aboard flight MH17 shot down in July 2014. Ukraine signed the EU association agreement and gained visa-free Schengen travel in 2017.
- Independence referendum
- 1 December 1991, 92% yes
- Budapest Memorandum
- 5 December 1994
- Maidan killings
- 18–20 February 2014
- Crimea annexed
- March 2014 (not recognised internationally)
4The full-scale war since 20221 min
On 24 February 2022 Russia invaded from the north, east and south. The assault on Kyiv failed within weeks, and the retreat revealed atrocities in Bucha and other towns. Ukraine retook Kharkiv region and Kherson city in autumn 2022; since then the front has moved slowly, with Russia occupying about a fifth of the country, including most of Donetsk and Luhansk and parts of Zaporizhzhia and Kherson.
Missile and drone attacks on cities and the power grid have become constant, leaving blackouts every winter. Millions of Ukrainians fled abroad and millions more were displaced inside the country; Odesa's historic centre was listed by UNESCO as endangered in 2023. Martial law suspended elections, and men of fighting age generally cannot leave.
Ukraine became an EU candidate in June 2022 and opened accession talks in 2024. Rebuilding has begun in liberated areas, and daily life continues in Kyiv, Lviv and elsewhere between air-raid alerts — which is exactly why this page is background only until the advice changes.
- Full-scale invasion
- 24 February 2022
- Refugees abroad
- About 6 million (UNHCR, check)
- EU candidate
- June 2022
Read, watch, wordsReading · Watching · Glossary · Sources
Reading
- The Gates of Europe — Serhii PlokhyReadable history of Ukraine from antiquity to the present.
- Bloodlands — Timothy SnyderStalin's and Hitler's killing fields, with Ukraine at the centre.
- Grey Bees — Andrey KurkovA beekeeper in the Donbas grey zone; humane and funny.
- Looking at Women Looking at War — Victoria AmelinaUnfinished war diary of a writer killed in 2023.
Watching
- 20 Days in Mariupol — Mstyslav Chernov, 2023Oscar-winning documentary from the besieged city.
- Shadows of Forgotten Ancestors — Sergei Parajanov, 1965Hutsul Carpathian folklore in a landmark of world cinema.
- Winter on Fire — Evgeny Afineevsky, 2015The Maidan protests day by day.
Glossary
| Term | Local | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Hetman | гетьман | Cossack leader. |
| Holodomor | Голодомор | The 1932–33 famine. |
| Maidan | Майдан | Square; the 2013–14 revolution. |
| Vyshyvanka | вишиванка | Embroidered shirt, a national symbol. |
| Povitryana tryvoha | повітряна тривога | Air-raid alert. |
Read for this deep dive
- UK FCDO — Ukraine travel advice ↗
- UNESCO — Kyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Lavra ↗
- UNHCR — Ukraine refugee situation ↗
- Wikipedia — History of Ukraine ↗
- Wikivoyage — Ukraine ↗
Background reading only: the text above is written by Voykit, not copied from these pages.
Sources
Ask about Ukraine
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